The default is a 20-period moving-average with bands at +2 and -2 standard deviations. When volatility falls the bands squeeze; when it rises they expand. About 95% of closes fall inside the bands, by construction.
A touch of the band is not a reversal signal. In a trend, price can walk along the upper band for many bars. The squeeze is more often used as a setup for an upcoming breakout.
Example: 20-day SMA is $100 with a $3 standard deviation. Bands sit at $94 and $106. A close at $107 is unusual, but in a strong trend the next close could be $109.
Related: moving-average, volatility, atr, mean-reversion