The range is a marketing device set deliberately conservative so the deal has somewhere to go. Where a deal prices relative to its original range is a clean read on demand: above the range means the book was heavily covered, below means the bank had to concede price to fill it.
Multiply the midpoint by the post-offering share count, not the pre-offering count, to get the valuation being marketed.
Example: a range of $24 to $27 on 210M post-deal shares implies $5.04B to $5.67B. Pricing at $30 implies $6.3B, 17% above the midpoint, and signals the book was several times covered.
Related: ipo, book-building, s-1-registration, ipo-pop, underwriter