Meme dynamics combine a small float, elevated short-interest, cheap call options, and a social feedback loop. Dealer hedging of those calls can add mechanical buying, which is the gamma-squeeze leg on top of a short-squeeze.
The practical features are a total breakdown of normal volatility assumptions, repeated limit-up-limit-down halts, borrow fees that jump to triple digits, and companies that use the price spike to run an at-the-market-offering into the demand.
Example: a stock with a 15M share float trades 90M shares in a day, turning the float over six times, then closes 40% off its high after the company announces a $500M share sale.
Related: short-squeeze, gamma-squeeze