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Risk-on / risk-off

A shorthand for market mood: risk-on means money flows into stocks, crypto, and high-yield currencies; risk-off means it flees to dollars, yen, Treasuries, and gold.

In risk-off periods, correlation across assets rises and diversification fails. Equity indexes, altcoins, and carry-trades fall together while the dxy and the yen rise.

Recognizing the regime helps explain why an individual setup is failing: in a risk-off day, most longs fail regardless of their charts.

Example: a geopolitical shock hits overnight. ES gaps down 2%, Bitcoin falls 8%, AUD/JPY drops 3%, and gold and the 10-year Treasury rally. That is a risk-off session.

Related: correlation, dxy, carry-trade, index

See it drawn

Original diagrams for the ideas on this page. Illustrative, not real market data.

Contango and backwardationTwo futures curves against contract expiry: one rising above spot, one falling below it.The same commodity, priced for delivery at different dates.78.0076.0074.0072.0070.00Futures pricespot+1m+2m+3m+4m+5m+6mMonths until the contract expiresspot price74.00CONTANGOlater contracts cost more than spotBACKWARDATIONlater contracts cost less than spot
Contango and backwardation. A futures curve shows what buyers will pay for delivery in one month, two months and so on. When later contracts cost more than the spot price the curve is in contango; when they cost less it is in backwardation.

Educational only, not advice. Spotted an error? Post in Site Feedback.